Souht American Celebs essays

Souht American Celebs articles South America. One straightforward word, and many thoughts, contemplations, pictures, individuals and spots swarm into your head. A mainland loaded with intriguing and unusual traditions, however such a significant number of likenesses to our own nation, the United States. One things without a doubt, they surely dont hold back on their superstars. Famous people have a captivating history that extraordinarily impacts South American residents. The United States has a necessary impact in their popularity, helping them to turn into the remarkable individuals that they are today. Models, sports players, on-screen characters, actresss, and artists are a basic component of the astounding society of South America. Almost the entirety of the big names of South America are found in, or begin from, the nation of Brazil. Brazil is South Americas driving nation when it comes to famous people. It contains more than 350 famous people that are perceived worldwide for the things that they have accomplished during their life. Measurements show that 37% of Brazils working residents work at employments in the expressive arts. Roughly 33% of those individuals are locally remembered, one seventh are broadly perceived, and more are collecting every year. In a meeting with a educational committee in Brazil, we were informed that more than  ¾ of the secondary school understudies are endeavoring to become craftsmen, entertainers/on-screen characters, models, or pro athletics players. Measurements for other South American nations state that less at that point 33% of the understudies state that they would pick these occupations. Measurements likewise show that 97% of Brazilians have gone to a soccer match, show, move execution, or presentation in any event once in the course of their life. Much the same as South America, the United States spins around current, and at times previous, big names. We appear to be so near our southern neighbors, we even offer a not many of our stars, however it appears we dont truly have ... <!

The Death of My Best Friend Essay -- friendship essay, my best friend

I recollect a familiar axiom my mom used to let me know, â€Å"Never state never†. Is this valid? I would have never anticipated that this should be valid till something transpired that transformed myself till this very day. Growing up I was strangely freezing hearted. I surmise I was never the gurly young lady continually crying after a finger nail broke or the sort of individual that let out everything to anyone who might be in the vicinity. I would consistently hush up about things and let it be the day somebody saw me cry. The vast majority just idea I wasn’t human. Crying wasn’t something I was utilized to however I didn’t realize one example would make me shed seas. I surmise I was the main dry eyes at each memorial service I at any point joined in. My uncle’s memorial service, my grandfather’s burial service, practically everyone’s memorial service, I would simply sit in the back and petition God for it to be finished. Everybody had so much distress that in a specific way I felt desirous I couldn’t feel such crude feeling. I figure I ought to be placed in Ripley’s World Record for going to the most burial services in a lifetime yet not crying a solitary tear. It resembled I was a standard client at memorial services. Everybody around me was biting the dust and crying and it didn’t stage me the slightest bit. I went to each and every burial service with my closest companion. We were so close she was nut and I was jam. She would consistently cry and identify for everybody. On the off chance that I at any point educated her regarding a demise she would consistently cry in my arms didn’t matter in th e event that she knew them or not. I was consistently there for her and she was consistently there for me. At the burial services we went to she would joke in the wake of wailing for a considerable length of time that possibly I ought to go to the washroom and pour water going down my eyes. She used to consistently make me giggle. I recollect explicitly in my granddads burial service she let me know, â€Å"Johanna would you cry in the event that I died?† I said â€Å"Hell no u... ...lieve she would wake up and still be with us. I’ve never weeped for anybody or ever in my life and it was a stun to me. She meant everything to me and I surmise no one can really tell what you have till it’s gone. I despite everything shed tears for her and I don’t think I’ll ever quit doing as such. I never realized id cry such a great amount for another person or feel like my reality was finishing. I never expected that would transpire, my closest companion ending it all with no notification. I never expected to respond the manner in which I did on that day. I used to be so coldblooded and aloof and not a consideration on the planet. After my closest companion died, it opened an entryway of feeling I never thought I had. Presently it’s so natural for me to feel for individuals who have lost friends and family and to comfort them through their anguish. Katherine Peralta is the motivation behind why I shed tears each night when I nod off.

Myths vs. Facts of Recovery From Nicotine Addiction

Myths vs. Facts of Recovery From Nicotine Addiction Addiction Nicotine Use How to Quit Smoking Print Myths vs. Facts of Recovery From Nicotine Addiction By Terry Martin facebook twitter Terry Martin quit smoking after 26 years and is now an advocate for those seeking freedom from nicotine addiction. Learn about our editorial policy Terry Martin Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Sanja Jelic, MD on January 21, 2020 Sanja Jelic, MD, is board-certified in sleep medicine, critical care medicine, pulmonary disease, and internal medicine.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Sanja Jelic, MD on January 21, 2020 JGI/Jamie Grill / Getty Images More in Addiction Nicotine Use How to Quit Smoking After You Quit Nicotine Withdrawal Smoking-Related Diseases The Inside of Cigarettes Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Coping and Recovery If youre like many people, youve had cigarette quit attempts that you thought of as an event, a task that could be completed within a few weeks, or a month at most. Then, when the urge to smoke persisted beyond what you felt was reasonable, you despaired of ever feeling comfortable without cigarettes  and started smoking again. The fact is that quitting smoking is a process, not an event.  While the worst of nicotine withdrawal is over within a matter of weeks, release from the habitual/emotional side of smoking comes more slowly. Here are some common misconceptions about quitting tobacco that can hinder your chances for success. Myth: Its too Late to Quit; the Damage Is Done Fact: Its Never too Late to Quit Smoking Bluntly put, the only time its too late to quit smoking is when youre six feet under. When you stop  smoking, the benefits begin within 20 minutes of your last cigarette and continue to grow for years. The human body is incredibly resilient, and while not all smoking-related damage can be undone, much healing can and will occur. Psychologically, youll have a better outlook once youve healed from nicotine addiction. Most of us spend years tied to cigarettes. We desperately want to stop, but time goes by, making us feel weak, powerless, and beaten down. This causes a slow destruction of self-esteem, usually so gradual we dont realize whats happening. Its no wonder that so many long-term smokers suffer from anxiety and depression. Quitting tobacco will empower you much more than you can imagine. Once they grasp it, most people refuse to let go of the freedom that comes from taking back the control that addiction stole. Myth: You Can Smoke One Cigarette and Maintain Your Quit Program Fact: Theres No Such Thing as Just One For the vast majority of smokers, re-introducing nicotine after quitting leads back to full-time smoking. There is no such thing as just one cigarette for a nicotine addict. Smoking, even as little as a few puffs on a cigarette, is enough to awaken the beast within. And sadly, people who relapse often spend years trying to get a foothold with smoking cessation once again. The fact is that indulging in even just one cigarette can lead to a relapse. If you want to boot nicotine addiction out of your life for good, live the philosophy of NOPEâ€"Not One Puff Ever. How Long Can You Expect to Face Nicotine Cravings? Myth: Relapse Can Happen Without Warning Fact: Relapse Never Happens Without Warning The road to relapse always starts in our minds. Unhealthy thoughts of smoking are normal as we move through recovery from nicotine addiction, but left unchecked, they can spell trouble. It has been said that humans have upwards of 60,000 thoughts on a daily basis. Youd probably be surprised to know that much of what we tell ourselves is negative and self-defeating. Were often our own worst critics. Listen in on your thoughts  and correct those that are counterproductive immediately. Dont give them a chance to fester and gain momentum. It doesnt matter whether you believe the correctionâ€"your mind is taking note, and thats all that matters. Correcting faulty thinking will help to keep you in the drivers seat with your quit program. Myth: Youll Always Miss Smoking Fact: True Freedom Is a State of Mind We all have the ability to make changes in our thinking that will bring lasting release from nicotine addiction. People who miss smoking years later have not let go of the emotional associations they had with smoking and usually think of it in a fond, nostalgic, or romantic light. They might even tell themselves subconsciously (or consciously) that quitting was a sacrifice. They quit smoking because they had to, but they loved smoking. That kind of faulty thinking will keep the seeds of addiction alive, ready to take the root again when the opportunity presents itself. But make no mistake, it is your  thoughts that hold you prisoner, not cigarettes. Have you ever had a relationship go sour because of a change in attitude on your part? A shift occurs in your perception, and once your mind turns that corner, theres no going back. Its similar to the mental side of addiction. Once we get clear of the physical need for cigarettes, whats left is an emotional relationship with smoking, much of which is based on ritual. Changing those thoughts and habits can prevent relapse. The habit of smoking is powerful but reprogrammable. Add some education about nicotine addiction and support from people who are going through what you are to your quit program. It will make all the difference in helping you permanently free yourself from the desire to smoke. Keep yourself in the present moments of today, and be grateful for each and every smoke-free day you complete. Be patient with yourself and think of time as one of your quit buddies. The more of it you put between yourself and that last cigarette you smoked, the stronger youll become. 10 Ways to Overcome Cigarette Cravings in 5 Minutes

Essay on “Reorganization of team structure in Cutting edge LTD”

Essay on â€Å"Reorganization of team structure in Cutting edge LTD† Perhaps, Cutting edge limited is a UK based company, which started three years ago, the company deals with manufacturing and distributing tennis racquets. It has rapidly expanded rendering the management of its operations a challenge. In order to improve the company’s profitability and efficiency, the reorganization of its team structure is deemed necessary owing its rapid growth. Re-organization of team structure revolves around arranging of the workforce and their various jobs in line the company’s goals and objectives. Initially, when Cutting edge limited was small, communicating face-to-face was easier and formal team structure. However, in its present large size, plans have to be made about allocation of different tasks in order to improve the company’s efficiency and profitability (Dent Galloway, 1999). In most cases, reorganization of team structure causes layoff in an organization. One of the objectives of reorganization is reducing payroll overheads. Others involve outsourcing, absorbing acquired or merged entities, increasing efficiency, and management’s wish for change. In a reorganization, not just jobs change, be outsourced, outplaced, but jockeying for position transpires; new associations are required, and the mental challenge of the revolution itself sluggishness almost everybody in the company. During the initial stages of Cutting edge limited, there are set of standards were made in line with the commitment towards total quality service. Values were set from the beginning, and now with the company’s big size, the increasing competitive and turbulent business environment Cutting edge limited has to re-organize its team structures in order to improve its efficiency and its operations and consequently increases its profitability (Brews Tucci 2004). The main issue now with Cutting edge limited relates to the growth of the business: owing the business size it happens to be much more complicated to coordinate the operations, to meet customer’s expectations, to uphold efficiency and to manage employees. The management should find out a resolution to address all problems associated to the present size of the company. The source of those problems was business growth so the way out is to reorganize the team structure of Cutting edge limited into various Strategic Business Units. Dividing the business into various business units will make easier to manage the efficiency of all the business units. Not just that but the various units will be more flexible and thus let them improve the response of the expectations of the customer. In addition, this reorganization will enhance the management of the workers (Dent Galloway, 1999). The management of Cutting edge limited should not end here after reorganizing the team structure of the company activity into various business units. But should go further and transform on how workers are delegating tasks inside those various business units. As an alternative of arranging structure in a hierarchical manner, the management should opt to put into operation a team approach to achieve the objective of the company. By doing this the management will be transferring the leadership responsibilities from the managers to the workers enabling them to have sound decision making power which will lead to an increased workforce responsibility and accountability. These transformations will motivate the workers to find out innovative solutions for their tribulations in stead of  waiting the management to chip in for the solutions. Team restructuring enables the workforce to be task oriented and hence all employees will participate in search of various solutions when problems occur. Engaging all members of the team will be more productive other than leaving it to a manager to give solutions. Team restructuring will enable Cutting edge ltd to deliver tennis racquets in time, this will enhance satisfaction of customers. Consequently restructuring will reinforce teamwork among employees by including all members in finding ways of delivering tennis racquets efficiently (Cameron, Kim Quinn 2006). Furthermore, the company has to form groups called â€Å"superteams†. These groups will be self managed and will be under minimal supervision from the management of the company. These groups are to be more inventive and have a quality and speed as compared to the normal teams. Again, such teams will directly be concerned in solving issues arising from the company. This will save a lot of time and expenditure and thus enhance the company’s profitability and efficiency. Summarily, reorganizing the business into various units will promote the quality of services offered by Cutting edge ltd. Moreover, forming the self-managed groups will allow cutting edge ltd improve the quality of its services, profitability and efficiency. This will be realized through utilization of all the employees’ creativity and skills and again by motivating them (Cameron, Kim Quinn 2006). The self-team will be more beneficial as compared to the normal teams in that, their leadership is within. The fact that team members are engaged in making their own decisions, they therefore, have a sense of belonging and possession within their various tasks. They will also feel satisfied for the outcome of their decisions. Although, there are direct impacts on the outcome due to the fact that the decision was as a result of working as a team and so the probability to have sound decisions are high nevertheless an indirect impact will also be realized owing the team members participation in the process of making decisions. For instance when an individual participate in the process of making the decision, it will be more probable to struggle for proper implementation, as opposed to implementing a solution which he/she was never involved in making (Galbraith Jay 2002). In team restructuring, the responsibilities of group members can be interchanged. This will make the business capable of harvesting much more from its workers potential; above all, the workers will be much more encouraged. The change of tasks gives workers a chance to perform new tasks, acquire new skills and hence avoiding boredom. In a restructured team, work effort will be unified as opposed to unstructured team. This unified effort will enhance team results since an individual work effort where an employee focuses on his own task without involving other members will yield lesser outcome. This way, team members will be able to appreciate their achievement and thus feeling motivated. In Cutting edge ltd, the team restructuring will attract a bigger number of workers to participate in quality production and delivering of tennis racquets and hence customer satisfaction (Brews Tucci, 2004). After team restructuring, the management of Cutting edge ltd should create a job-secure environment in order to keep the team members involved and motivated. In fact, the company would have created a conducive environment for work where employees will participate. A right working environment is that which will involve all members hence avoiding failures and mistakes. To support the team restructuring, the company management should reward and recognize those members and teams who excel in their various duties. This award will motivate employees by recognizing them and by promoting competition amongst the teams.  The team restructuring will enable managers be facilitators, this will motivate workers perform their respective duties and participate in the process of solving problems. Managers of Cutting edge ltd should empower employees by letting them make appropriate changes necessary in improving customer satisfaction and productivity of the company (Galbraith Jay, 2002). Team restructuring will also facilitate the aspect of power transfer to team members from the management. This will give room for transfer of responsibilities towards the team, which makes them enjoy the outcome of their decisions. By doing this Cutting edge ltd management will improve the effectiveness of all the team members since teams were liable for the outcome and also the inspiration among workers is improved owing the responsibilities and power transfer. The management will also assist employee’s effectiveness through goal setting procedure. As opposed to unstructured team, the responsibility of  management in team-restructured system is to lay attainable and clear goals always utilizing ideas and input of the members. These ideas and input become more significant after goal setting since the workers are the ones giving the solutions to attain the goal. In addition, cutting edge ltd management should act on the best suggestions from employees. As opposed to the unstr uctured team system where the management both sets the goal and give solution required to attain certain goal. The team restructuring in Cutting edge ltd will allow managers to have a role in facilitating the setting of goals, on the other hand, solution finding is typically a team task. In order to uphold team motivation and effectiveness the manager of the company should give coaching and feedback process to the whole team and not an individual (Birckley Jim, 2003). The role of a manager after team restructuring is more of facilitation than management. The managers have the responsibility to creating the most favorable work conditions so as to have members of the team prepared to take roles to work competently and solving problems on their own. It is important that when implementing team structuring, key people must be involved; this means the executives and other upper-level management whose processes and workers will be influenced by the restructuring. For example, if a new technology is to be introduced in the business, the key people should not be just top management, but lower-level managers who also oversee the workers use of the introduced new technology. A diverse set of key people should be concerned in minimizing the cost of introducing the technology. Developing a plan for successful implementation of team restructuring is vital. The developed plan should assist to describe the responsibilities of the key people concerned where as also laying out short-term as well as long term objectives for the restructuring (Birckley Jim 2003). The management of Cutting edge ltd should uphold the plan for implementing team restructuring; the management should follow up on the plan it lays. This will make the rest of members of the team adapt to the team restructuring. If the management of the company fails to offer the necessary support for the plan to be applicable, it is unlikely to be successful. The management’s communication with workers on what is happening, why the team restructuring are being put in place, and how they will implement is vital. Since team restructuring can cause a lot of fear, better communication can be employed to cool down workers and give confidence to their continual support. In addition to improved communication, the management should consider any communication from the members. They ought to be accessible to act on suggestions or respond to questions that workers may have. Creating chances for member’s feedback like having an open-door management policy or holding meetings may su ccessfully facilitate team restructuring. Team restructuring in Cutting edge ltd may encounter various pitfalls; the management of the company may be attracted by the simplicity and power of the restructuring process, but then the process of putting in place is extremely expensive and time-consuming. The process requires a substantial amount of money and other resources to put in place the team restructuring. Another challenge is the differing perceptions of members of the team: The idea of teamwork differs among cultures, employees from diverse cultures will, in all possibility, portray a team’s membership criteria, objectives and activities in extremely dissimilar terms. This diversity will make it hard to institute the root cause of a problem, which may be within the team members since it’s hard to differentiate between personal and cultural factors. This makes team restructuring and problem solving more cumbersome (Birckley Jim 2003). The reorganization of team structure may faces resistance from some of the employees. The restructuring can cause some employees uncomfortable in executing their duties, their relationships with managers and coworkers and in their areas of expertise. Even when employees are not very contented with the present workplace and consequently welcome the restructuring, they may find the process to be demanding. Helping workers foresee difficulties and notifying workers of how these pitfalls will be dealt with can be a basis of comfort to them. When Cutting edge ltd proposes major team restructuring, those implicated will begin to be anxious on how the process will change their responsibilities and the required skills. The most thriving employees of a company may feel endangered since they are good performers under the old structure of the company. Some regular worker reactions to team restructuring include denial, confusion, anger and loss of identity. Such resistance is not only experience d among workers but also executives and managers may be prone (Birckley Jim. 2003). Team restructuring is personally a taxing issue for everybody affected; nevertheless, it is beneficial to the entire company in the long run. How the management reacts to workers resistance can decide the fate of the business. For instance, a sense of confusion by the employees, which is habitually represented by continuous questioning from employees and/or management — typically implies that not sufficient information, has been offered. This is a chance to convey supplementary information to workers, such as repeating the big picture and the reason the corporation is working so hard to redefine its business culture. This is also an opportunity to give assurances that the administration is going to address their concerns of the employees (Galbraith Jay, 2002). Another common challenge/pitfall facing the restructuring process is denial or doubt that actual reorganization will take place. This reaction takes place sometimes since workers will not want any alteration in their tasks they are used to, and in other times they do not trust the administration is fully dedicated to the idea of restructuring. In any case, the feedback also signifies an opportunity for administration to recognize issues that may perhaps be present transversely in the business and address them. The employees can also bring administration and higher-ups the attention that the actual reorganization of team structures is not consistent with the framework that was put in place. A probably related feedback is anger, sometimes goes together with attempts to sabotage the management efforts to reorganize. Once more, there can be advantages to this kind of behavior. Workers who so obviously make their feelings recognized let managerial leaders in on which hindrances to restruc turing are probable to take place, and administration can then devise methods to address them. It also encourages negotiation with other employees (Brews Tucci, 2004). Another pitfall is the fact that employees who believe themselves experts or specialists in a certain field are frequently asked to begin, for example, operating in a dissimilar functional field or employing different technology), when business make cross-training be among their goals. Again, this intimidates the comfort zone for numerous workers at all levels of the business. Having demonstrated themselves once, they are still ordered to do so repeatedly. In order to relieve these fears, administration needs to persuade employees to take initiative, ask questions, and take risks. Fear of not a succeeding is perhaps one of the strongest grounds for opposing restructuring (Miles, 2003). Companies that anticipate reorganization will be embrace need to analyze failures and risks as tools in which the business can learn and expand. Accordingly, resistance ought to be discouraged, whereas management will feel it is most significant to put in place a positive spin on the whole thing, business management will realize that demonstrating their own concerns on the team restructuring of the company assist other employees to deal with their concern (Galbraith Jay, 2002). It also offers them a chance to instruct others on how to discover best practices in ordinary circumstances, and to let workers know they understand their concerns. Resistance is another challenge of reorganization of team structure; this affects employees and managers equally when the process is put in place. Resistance is a phenomenon, which occurs naturally and can easily be tackled in a constructive approach. In this respect, resistance is an indication of a radical transformation in the reorganization of team structures. Management can be of assistance by foreseeing common reactions and utilizing them to their best benefit. For example, if a member of staff is able to make requested transformation to his performance but not keen to do so, some compromise may be all that is necessary to convince that individual to follow along with the new direction of the business. For those who opt for transformation but lack various basic skills, intended training could be required to suppress the fears of those individuals. Whatever the conflict a company encounters, it is almost an assured part of transformation, which is a continuous in the business setting. Globalization of markets and rapid innovation in technology, a company cannot afford to relax on its success (Miles, 2003). In conclusion, reorganization of team structures in Cutting edge ltd will assist significantly in the effective manufacturing and delivering of tennis racquets. The process will enable the company to manage the challenges and pitfalls associated with its full grown size. Team restructuring will transform the entire operations of UK based Cutting edge ltd hence increasing the profitability, efficiency and

Biological Basis Of Behavior Essay - 1569 Words

Biological Basis Of Behavior Primary Behaviors of Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is defined as a devastating psychotic disorder that may involve characteristic disturbances in thinking (delusions), perception (hallucinations), speech, emotions, and behavior (Durand and Barlow 443). This disorder affects nearly 2.5 million people. The symptoms of schizophrenia are usually divided into two categories, positive and negative. The positive symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech or thinking, grossly disorganized behavior, and catatonic behaviors, which means that you suffer from motor immobility (schizophrenia.com). Delusions are defined as a strong disorder of thought and false beliefs†¦show more content†¦There are four categories of hallucinations. The first is auditory which are the most common. Auditory hallucinations are defined as hearing voices or noises that dont exist. The second category is visual, which is defined as seeing things that arent there. These hallucinations can be benign such as a flash of light or scary such as monsters. The third category is tactile which are hallucinations of touch. With these hallucinations the person feels as if something is tickling them under their skin. The last category is smells which are the least common hallucinations. Often the smells are not pleasant. The negative symptoms of schizophrenia are affective flattening, alogia, avolition, and anhedonia. Affective flattening is the lack of emotional expression. People who have studied schizophrenia say that flat affect is like wearing a mask. You cant show emotion when you are expected to (Durand and Barlow 449). Alogia is described as poverty of speech or decreased ability to formulate thoughts. Speaking to a person with alogia can be extremely frustrating because they often give short and uninformative answers to questions. Avolition is defined as a loss of goal directed activities. People with this symptom show little interest in performing even the most basic day-to-day functions including those associated with personal hygiene (Durand and Barlow 448). Anhedonia isShow MoreRelatedBiological Basis Of Behavior : The Great Grey Owls ( Strix Nebulosa )2278 Words   |  10 Pages Biological Basis of Behaviour MR2204 J Mulvany Sensory Systems Georgina Meek 7th November 2014 Introduction Great Grey Owls (Strix nebulosa), use a wide variety of different environmental factors when hunting a lemming (Lemmus sp.) when it is hidden beneath the snow. The different sensory systems which the owl possesses are particularly adjusted in order for the owl to most suitably use them to the best of its ability when hunting. The various sensory systems refer to the wayRead MoreBiological and Classical School1265 Words   |  6 Pagesassociation with criminology through its focus on lawmaking and legal processing. 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Picture Victim and Ultrahigh Spec Laptops Free Essays

Mystery story It was an ordinary day with my two close friends, Adam and Matt. As always after school we all came over to my place for dinner, then go downstairs into my gaming room. Three desks with three really comfortable office chairs. We will write a custom essay sample on Picture: Victim and Ultrahigh Spec Laptops or any similar topic only for you Order Now We all had ultrahigh spec laptops and we all Just got new surround sound headsets for Christmas. We spent hours on our laptops playing video games together on a dally basis. But this one day right after New Year something inordinate and unforgettable started happening. Our New Year’s holiday was coming to an end, we only had a few days feet to spend a lot of time gaming. We spent some money and bought a huge amount of snacks, enough to last for three days. We headed towards our gaming room and spent our days there. We didn’t see sunlight for two days straight. Enjoying our time with our new headsets playing call of duty together, laughing together and getting mad at the game, we finally decided to take a break. As always Matt would go on his email to check if his family for overseas emailed him. Many of his cousins enjoy video gaming as well so we invite them every now and then to our only party. An email appeared subjected â€Å"Boo†. As anyone else would do Matt just deleted it assuming it was spam. After a few hours of gaming he decided to check his email again and saw the same email. Out of curiosity he opened the email but not much appeared, just a blank page with a small message â€Å"Boo†, it didn’t really make sense to him so asked us to check it out. Adam and me just laughed and cracked funny Jokes with him about his End. He shut down his laptop and headed back home. The next day, we all returned to our laptops but Mats laptop was open and on already. We assumed Matt forgot to shut it down and close it but he was sure of himself that he did. He asked if one of us go on it but we both shook our heads and said no. Matt sat down on his chair laying his hands on his laptop, realizing there was an extra folder on his desktop. The folder was named â€Å"Boo†. He opened it but it was an empty folder, he tried deleting it but an error message constantly appeared. As we all assumed the â€Å"Boo† spam email he received probably installed a virus onto his laptop which created that folder. Opening his Anti-Mallard program he did a virus scan but his computer was clean, no virus detected. He ignored it and we went on gaming. During our gaming session in the corner of Mats screen, a message appeared saying â€Å"Boo Is here. † He exited the game and clicked on the message. It slowly retyped Boo Has Started In big bold letters, we were all wondering what kind of virus this must have been to be able to hide for the Anta-Mallard software scans. As we were all suspecting Matt shut down his laptop but he decided to take It home to make sure It wasn’t any of us. An hour later he arrived home and went up to his room. He sat on his bed and put on his laptop. He reopened the File â€Å"Boo† but this time there was a notepad file In It, the file was named untitled 1. He opened the notepad and there were a list of 9 names on It. He goggled those names and found out they were all volts of recent murder cases. Matt didn’t know what to do, contacting the police would raise their suspicion on him and they might think he Is the murderer. He decided to keep quiet about this. He shut off his laptop, and headed to bed. Two some sleeping pills, he received some and took them with a glass of water. The next morning he woke up noticing the laptop open and on, the â€Å"Boo† file was open, but this time there was another folder in the file called â€Å"pictures†. He opened the pictures lading, going through the pictures were pictures of murder with the victim’s names written at the bottom. Matt was shocked from the pictures, Victims were burned and tortured, the last picture had an audio file with it. He played the audio and a weird radio beeping noise went off, screams could be heard in the back ground of the audio, after 6 seconds of weird noises a voice came up and said â€Å"Find what cannot be found†. The screen of the laptop went black after the audio played with a big play button in the middle. Matt clicked the play button and a collection of pictures getting skimmed through quickly created a video of a hand cutting open peoples belly, penetrating the eyes with knifes, cutting of tongues and many more disgusting pictures. On some bodies there was text inscribed in the skin with a knife. At the end of the pictures the voice came up again and said â€Å"Find what cannot be found†, Matt closed his laptop. For the upcoming four weeks Matt isolated himself from everyone else by staying in bed. His parents became more and more worried so eventually they called an ambulance and he was taken to a hospital. From the doctors perspective he experienced a severe transformation at the age of 16. For the four weeks after he was put on the hospital Adam and me visited Matt every four days. Whenever we visited he never said a word and never looked at us, he was always starring at the wall in front of him with tears coming out of his eyes. He wasn’t the same old Matt we knew before, it was terrifying seeing him in that state. More weeks came by, he was still lying in the hospital doing nothing and saying nothing. Just waiting to die. A year has passed and reported on the new a calamity happened, a massacre. The hospital Matt was on caught on fire, after the fire was extinguished. There were nine patients who got burned alive. Three patients had carvings on their skin. Six patients were missing and matt was one of them. The police took Mats laptop into custody and tracked the IP address of the email. It led the police to a huge graveyard where all the victims were buried. It has been six years since the incident and the case has not been solved yet, the missing victims are still missing, not a single trace of them was found, it’s as if they disappeared into thin dust. If you receive an email subjected â€Å"Boo†, please contact the police and whatever you do. DO NOT OPEN IT! How to cite Picture: Victim and Ultrahigh Spec Laptops, Papers

Psychodynamics Family Systems Model

Introduction Psychodynamic family system is an all-inclusive model that pulls various psychological theories together. The theories are based on human interaction that drives the unconscious influence of character and personality (Oxford, 1992). It focuses on early childhood experiences that shape human personalities. It asserts that inheritance is not the only determinant of personality.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Psychodynamics Family Systems Model specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Instead, it suggests that caretakers play a crucial role in modeling a child’s behavior. This paper will focus on the psychological theories that are based on human interaction. The theories include development of gender roles, psychoanalysis, attachment, development of morals, aggression, personality and object relation theory. Choice In addition, there have been raising behaviors resulting from my past experiences. For e xample, some homosexuals adopt their behaviors unconsciously during childhood. In USA, a homosexual gave life testimony in church. In her testimony, she was raised by a house girl in the city of Chicago. The house girl would induce her into performing sex at the age of 11 years. He, therefore, acquired a sexual phobia that eliminated sexual urge for women. Therefore, he chose to adopt homosexuality. He said that he is aroused sexually by men and lacks sexual attraction to the opposite sex. This implies that the man shaped his behavior unconsciously. As a result, I consider the model as being a crucial point for psychological departure making. This makes it worthy to study and analyze. Gender Role Development Psychodynamic family model forms the basis of developing the roles of gender. In many communities, a female child imitates and tends to copy the actions of their mothers (Amadiume, 1987). On the other hand, the male children adopt the daily chores of their fathers. For example, an African woman has been related to cooking, washing utensils and fetching firewood. This has been the history of an African woman for a very long period of time. The maintenance of the sequence is because the new female generations adopt the roles of their coinciding gender. This has unconsciously shaped the role of women. On the other hand, an African man is associated with taking care of cattle, keeping security and providing for the family. The new generations of males adopt and copy the male gender. In fact, you will find children playing games that incorporate gender roles. In the games, each gender is given the roles that coincide with their gender. This implies that the young children acquire their roles unconsciously from their caretakers. Therefore, psychodynamic family models determine the culture of the roles based on gender.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Moral Develop ment Morals refer to the right and wrong considerations of a community. Morals are classified into good and bad morals. Development of morals depends on the past experiences in childhood. They are induced into the children by the people who nurture them. The induction of morals is done consciously or unconsciously. However, the unconscious induction is more effective than the conscious. For example, a child tends to use the language that their caretakers use. If the caretaker abuses them, the child absorbs the language unconsciously and uses it. On the other hand, a caretaker who uses polite language passes the behavior to the child unconsciously. Similarly, a family that is less concerned with religion induces their children into paganism. On the other hand, families that emphasize on religion pass the religious spirit to their children unconsciously. It is observed that most priests and preachers come from prayerful families. Therefore, psychodynamic model is a major pillar of mor al development. Personality development Personality defines the character, behaviors and perceptions that a person has in life. We mentioned that personality depends on both inheritance and experience. However, childhood experience with caretakers is the major determinant of the child’s personality. For example, we may seek to analyze the development of introverts and extroverts. Introverts are the people who are laid back. They are less talkative and keep much to themselves. They are secretive and less outgoing. For the introvert, they adopt this personality because they were brought up by parents or caretakers who keep to themselves. As a result, they absorbed the same behavior leading to introversion. On the other hand, extroverts are talkative, outgoing, open hearted, happy, and welcoming. Researchers suggest that they adopt the personalities by emulating the behavior of the people around them. As a result, they are induced into being extroverts. This implies that psychod ynamic model is a basis of personality development.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Psychodynamics Family Systems Model specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Aggression Aggression is a crucial factor on psychology. The level of aggression relates to the past experience of a person. Caretakers induce children into low or high aggression depending on how they train them during childhood. A child who stays in the house sitting will result to low aggression. It retards aggression on terms of physical and mental aggression. On the contrary, the caretakers who engage to their simple tasks and activities help them to acquire a high aggressive state. It sharpens their mind and invigorates their physical performance. In fact, researchers suggest that the difference in educational ability can be traced back to their childhood. Children that are exposed to activities during their childhood accelerate the rate of mental and phys ical growth resulting to higher performance. On the other hand, lack of activities slows the rate of growth hence physically retarded. Attachment Attachment in psychology is a crucial component of human interaction and relationship (Goldenberg Goldenberg, (2008). It refers to the social bond that exists between two people. In attachment, the parties have an emotion that continuously bind them together (Holmes, 1993). During childhood, the infant have a strong attachment to their caretakers. The attachments that exist are based on the benefits that an infant get from the caretaker. The benefit may be protection, provision of food among others. However, this attachment affects the children socialization in future. For example, male child who has been nurtured by a single mother has a strong attachment to women. Most of them have a tendency to become womanizers. This behavior is traced back to his early childhood. Surprisingly, a female child that is brought up by their father may ten d to have great attraction to men. Therefore, attachment during childhood is a factor of psychodynamic models of families. Object Relation Theory Object relations theory is another factor of psychodynamic analysis. In the theory, research suggests that infants’ experiences transform into objects that affect them in their future. The objects might exist as father, mother or body parts. These objects influence their behaviors in the rest of their lives.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Although later experiences try reshaping the future, the objects exert a lot of influence to the victims retarding the change in personality. These objects, also, bring about dependency or independence in future. Therefore, object relation theory is a component of psychodynamic model. Dream Analysis Dream analysis is the interpretation of dream that a patient experience. Dream interpretation is based on dreamer’s perception rather than the interpreter’s understanding. The perception of dreams by the dreamer reveals some infant experience. It, also, helps to understand the psychological status of the patient. It reveals the challenges that they have helping in diagnosis. Therefore, it is a component of psychodynamic model. Psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud postulated a theory of mind that have proven prudent in real life situations. Although this theory has undergone sequences of modification, some of its aspects remained to dominate theoretical history. In fact, psychodynam ics have retrieved developmental aspects from this theory. This theory proposed issues that are relevant to the current family situations. Apparently, it evaluate home in a broad perspective that includes social, political, philosophical, literal and artistic dimensions. It has contributed to the crucial knowledge that a family must obtain when living in a distinguished cultural environment. Early life of children is surrounded by many factors that tend to shape the nature of a person’s psychology. For instance, we would expect psychological differences from people arising from different family backgrounds. A child growing without a father could be potentially distinct in terms of behavior from another child who has both parents. Also, there are critical implications that could remain in the mind of a child who was abused sexually during her young life. Psychoanalysis lays down the basis to overcome these unconscious situations and enable a victim to regain consciousness. Whe n a person overcomes the unconsciousness, s/he could be able to shape his/ her life against the initially void relations. Factually, everyone possesses some effects that arise from this unconsciousness which could be eradicated by psychoanalysis. The patients and the guardians undergo a period of extensive counseling and guidance. These sessions take fifty minutes and include verbal and non-verbal communication. The technique has been applied widely in developing psychodynamic understanding. Conclusion There are various strengths that are admirable in the model. It emphasizes on the effect of infant caretakers. It asserts that the infant experiences have great influence on future personality. Therefore, it urges the caretakers to engage in behaviors that shape the infant future personalities. As a result, it eliminates the difficulties that may affect the child. However, the model has weaknesses that are not likeable. It analyses personality and behavioral development on the basis o f past experience. It does not include the effect of inheritance. Based on inheritance, the model should show the effect of the infant experience on the inherited traits. It, also, suppress the effect of experiences that the children get in their middle age. In a bid to help the needs of families, the model should incorporate the three factors during analysis. The change in analysis will help to make a wholesome analysis for psychological issues. References Amadiume, I. (1987). Male daughters, female husbands: gender and sex in an African society. London: Zed Books. Goldenberg, I., Goldenberg, H. (2008). Family therapy: an overview (7th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson Brooks/Cole. Holmes, J. (1993). John Bowlby and attachment theory. London: Routledge. Oxford, J. (1992). Community psychology: theory and practice. Chichester: Wiley. This essay on Psychodynamics Family Systems Model was written and submitted by user Javion E. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Appearance Versus Reality

Appearance Versus Reality Throughout life people are constantly faced with issues of appearance versus reality. Hypocrites seem to be everywhere, saying one thing but thinking another. Remember the people that you thought were geeks but turned out to be pretty cool once you got to know them, or that snobby upperclassman who you bumped into at the library who turned out to be a lot more interesting than you expected. It seems that our lives are filled and complicated by this conflict between appearance and reality. In the two plays, Much Ado About Nothing and A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Shakespeare takes our everyday battles of appearance versus reality and makes them into a comical demonstration of our own human nature. In Much Ado About Nothing, the entire play revolves around the difference between actual and appeared realities due to characters overhearing other’s conversations. The entire play consists of incidents of characters eavesdropping and reporting false messages to others; the story beings to follow a line of falsities appearing to be real. It is interesting to be aware of the title of the play as Much Ado About Nothing, and also that the meaning of the word â€Å"nothing† as having multiple meanings. Firstly, in Elizabethan common dialect, the word â€Å"nothing† was pronounced the same as â€Å"noting† which means observing, overhearing, and perceiving; recall that many of the key events in the play occur when characters are â€Å"noting† others. J.N. Smith of Gradesaver writes â€Å"That there is a special effort made by the characters to mask their true emotions in order to protect themselves. Beatrice and Benedick are merely projected manifestat ions of this† (Gradesaver). It seems that because of â€Å"noting† many things seemed to be different from how they really were in reality. Hero appeared to be unchaste, Don John appeared to be a friend, Claudio appears to love Hero yet he abandons her so easily, Beatrice and ... Free Essays on Appearance Versus Reality Free Essays on Appearance Versus Reality Appearance Versus Reality Throughout life people are constantly faced with issues of appearance versus reality. Hypocrites seem to be everywhere, saying one thing but thinking another. Remember the people that you thought were geeks but turned out to be pretty cool once you got to know them, or that snobby upperclassman who you bumped into at the library who turned out to be a lot more interesting than you expected. It seems that our lives are filled and complicated by this conflict between appearance and reality. In the two plays, Much Ado About Nothing and A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Shakespeare takes our everyday battles of appearance versus reality and makes them into a comical demonstration of our own human nature. In Much Ado About Nothing, the entire play revolves around the difference between actual and appeared realities due to characters overhearing other’s conversations. The entire play consists of incidents of characters eavesdropping and reporting false messages to others; the story beings to follow a line of falsities appearing to be real. It is interesting to be aware of the title of the play as Much Ado About Nothing, and also that the meaning of the word â€Å"nothing† as having multiple meanings. Firstly, in Elizabethan common dialect, the word â€Å"nothing† was pronounced the same as â€Å"noting† which means observing, overhearing, and perceiving; recall that many of the key events in the play occur when characters are â€Å"noting† others. J.N. Smith of Gradesaver writes â€Å"That there is a special effort made by the characters to mask their true emotions in order to protect themselves. Beatrice and Benedick are merely projected manifestat ions of this† (Gradesaver). It seems that because of â€Å"noting† many things seemed to be different from how they really were in reality. Hero appeared to be unchaste, Don John appeared to be a friend, Claudio appears to love Hero yet he abandons her so easily, Beatrice and ...

How to Conjugate the French Verb Amuser (to Amuse)

How to Conjugate the French Verb Amuser (to Amuse) This promises to be a fun French lesson because we are going to discuss  amuser, which means to amuse. It is a regular verb and that makes it an easy one to conjugate because it follows the rules. Conjugating the French Verb  Amuser Conjugating means that we change the ending of a verb to match the subject as well as the tense. We do this in English as well, though its often not as complicated as in languages like French. However, as you get used to the French conjugations, it becomes easier and easier. Its all a matter of practice. The good news is that  amuser  is a  regular -er verb  and it follows a classic formula as well see in the chart. This means that once you learn to conjugate a few regular verbs that end in -er, you can apply your knowledge to learning new verbs. The chart shows you the various conjugated forms of  amuser.  To use it, use the subject pronoun the I, you, we, etc. or, in French, the  j, tu, nous   and find the appropriate tense. The present, future, imperfect past, and present participle are included for easy reference. For example, to say I amuse, you will say jamuse or to say we amuse, it is nous amusons. Subject Present Future Imperfect j amuse amuserai amusais tu amuses amuseras amusais il amuse amusera amusait nous amusons amuserons amusions vous amusez amuserez amusiez ils amusent amuseront amusaient The Present Participle of  Amuser When you want  amuser  to take on the equivalent to the English -ing ending, you will conjugate it with -ant.  This is the  present participle  and for amuser, that  is amusant. Not only is it a verb, but in the right context,  amusant  can act as an adjective, gerund, or noun as well. Amuser in  Passà © Composà © for Past Tense You can use the imperfect form of  amuser  to express that someone was amused, but a more common way is to use the  passà © composà ©. To do this, you will need to add an auxiliary verb  to the phrase  avoir. You will also use the  past participle  for the verb, which is  amusà ©. What do you do with this information? Quite simply, you put it all together. For example, to say we amused the crowd, you will say nous avons amusà © la foule. The word avons is a conjugate of the verb  avoir. More Conjugations of  Amuser There are other instances in which you will need to conjugate  amuser  to fit the context. The passà © simple and imperfect subjunctive forms are used in formal writing, so you may not need those. On the other hand, you may need to use the subjunctive and conditional forms of  amuser  to express a mood. The subjunctive is used when the verb is uncertain or subjective. The conditional is used when the verb relies on particular conditions. These will be useful as you become more fluent in French. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive j amuse amuserais amusai amusasse tu amuses amuserais amusas amusasses il amuse amuserait amusa amust nous amusions amuserions amusmes amusassions vous amusiez amuseriez amustes amusassiez ils amusent amuseraient amusrent amusassent Were not quite done because you will also want to know the imperative for  amuser. This is used as a short command or request, for instance, Amuse me! When using the imperative, you can skip the subject pronoun and simply use the correct verb form. In the example of Amuse me! you simply say Amusez moi! This implies that You need to amuse me! Its a perfect phrase for when you need a good laugh. Imperative (tu) amuse (nous) amusons (vous) amusez Amuser  With a Preposition Now that you know how to conjugate  amuser, you should consider studying its use with prepositions.  Amuser  Ã‚  is a verb that often requires a preposition to complete its meaning. In this case, its  samuser with an infinitive.

Apple iPhone Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Apple iPhone - Research Paper Example This paper presents a detailed analysis of the Apple iPhone and its technology overview. In US, the iPhone was released on June 29, 2007 and people were able to buy it at Apple stores as well as AT&T Mobility. Additionally, the project of iPhone was initiated through the direction of Apple CEO Steve Jobs to Apple engineers to appear into touch-screens technology. All through that time, he was considering on working on tablet personal computers. This was in spite of getting various requests for Apple to produce another PDA. However, the development of iPhone as well as its characteristic and applications developed and released on January 9, 2007; Apple CEO Steve Jobs declared their latest product that was the iPhone. The basic release of the iPhone was done in the 2007 (iPhone scale). After that iPhone 3G was released on July 11, 2008. Apple iPhone has released in approximately eighty territories and countries. After that Apple announced the iPhone 3GS in June, 2009 (Vogelstein). The size of iPhone 3G phone is 2.31 by 0.37 inches and net weight of iPhone 3G is 140 grams. Additionally, the iPhone 3GS is having weighs 137 grams on a postal scale. Consequently in contrast, it is 3 grams heavier. The battery of the iPhone 3G is 5.25 WHr at 3.7V and the iPhone 3GS battery is 4.51 WHr at 3.7V. In addition, in the market IPone is available in two basic colors that are black and white. In the same way the memory space of this phone is available in different memory configurations. Now we can have 4, 8, 16, 32 GB of memory available inside the phone. The main screen of the iPhone is of size 9 cm (3.5 in) with liquid crystal display and touch screen. In addition, this screen offers scratch-resistant glass, as well as 18-bit color (rendering 262,144 colors). Moreover, the touch screen of iPhone is designed in a way that it can sense the bare finger, or multiple fingers in case of multi-touch sensing. The gesture and touch characteristic of the iPhone are

The Ethical Code Letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Ethical Code Letter - Essay Example I believe that that the core moral values epitomize what is in line with our set goals. However, one may decide to set his or her code of conduct, it should be that which is in line with the Tesco new code of conduct. Dear employees, it is with my due indulgence that I address another critical factor that is the value of diversity in Tesco Company. Having employees from different diverse backgrounds will be able to realize the importance of globalization. The customers and workers will represent the different mix in our company therefore we can compete internationally. Moreover diversity also includes the age factor. Having employees of different age gaps will propel the company through realizing its goals because when an employee retires there will be others left. Furthermore, there will be increased pro ductility in the company because of diverse talents operating together. Moreover, there will be increased innovation and invention. It will be possible when different thoughts are put together towards a common goal. Lastly, with diversity, market sharing, and customer’s satisfaction will be a notch higher. My dear employees, code of ethics offers an opportunity for an accountable business organization. Therefore, it should be upon us to uphold the ethical code of conduct. Furthermore, all the benefits will be of great benefit to all of

Analysis of G-Protein Coupled Receptor 12

Analysis of G-Protein Coupled Receptor 12 ABSTRACT: G-Protein Coupled Receptor 12 (GPR12) belongs to the orphan GPCR family which is the same of the GPR3 and GPR6. Homology model for the protein GPR12 was generated from the SWISS-MODEL website which showed an all alpha motif with seven transmembrane ÃŽÂ ± -helix interconnected by loops. GPR12 acts through the cyclic Adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) pathway and promotes neurite outgrowth in primary neurons which can be used to slow down the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. The gene of GPR12 is located in the chromosome 13q12.13 for human, 12p11 for rat and 5; 5 G3 for a mouse with the size of 5.6 kbp, 3.4 kbp, and 4.3 kbp. Four current ongoing clinical trials studies on GPR12 was found on clinicaltrials.gov. G-Protein Coupled Receptor 12 (GPR12) belongs to the orphan GPCR family which is the same of the GPR3 and GPR6 (Ignatov et al., 2003a; Ignatov et al., 2003b). GPR 12 family members are constitutively activated and initiate the cAMP signaling cascades (Ignatov et al., 2003a). It is reported that GPR12 promote neurite extension in primary neurons (Ignatov et al., 2003a). The sequence identity of GPR12 is similar to GPCR S1P5 by 34%, GPR3 by 57% and GPR6 by 58% (Ignatov et al., 2003a; Ignatov et al., 2003b). Hence, it is hypothesized that the orphan receptors might share common ligands and also have similar physiological functions (Uhlenbrock et al., 2002; Tanaka et al., 2007). GPR12 has a high binding affinity towards Sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) (Uhlenbrock et al., 2002). GPR 12 also binds with Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)   with low affinity (Uhlenbrock et al., 2002). GPR12 family members are constantly activated and cAMP downstream signaling cascades initiated (Uhlenbro ck et al., 2002; Ignatov et al., 2003a). This persistent activation promotes neurite extension in primary neurons (Tanaka et al., 2007). GPR12 belongs to the orphan GPCR family which is the same of the GPR3 and GPR6 (Ignatov et al., 2003a; Ignatov et al., 2003b). According to Horn et al., GPR12 belongs to the  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   GPCRs, Class A Rhodopsin-like subfamily with all other Orphan GPCR receptors (Horn et al., 2003). 2.1. Structure: A search was conducted for GPR12 in the RCSB protein data bank to identify the protein structure of G-Protein Coupled Receptor 12. There were no matches found in the search which is shown in figure 1.   Hence, a Homology model for the protein was generated from the SWISS-MODEL website, 27.41% sequence identity was indicated for Cannabinoid receptor 1 (Flavodoxin). Flavodoxin, Cannabinoid receptor one was chosen as the template, and a 3D structural model was generated for GPR12 from the template which is shown in the figures 2a and 2b. The GMQE (Global Model Quality Estimation) and Q-Mean value for the generated protein 0.56 and -4.28. The generated protein showed an all alpha motif with seven transmembrane ÃŽÂ ± -helix interconnected by loops forming four extracellular topological domains and four cytoplasmic topological domains. The alignment of protein sequence between Human GPR12 and GPR12 of other species like mouse and rat showed very less variation which indicates the protein is conserved between these species(UniProtKB; UniProtKB; UniProtKB). The protein alignment is shown in figure 3. 2.2. Pathway: According to Horn et al., GPR12 belongs to the  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   GPCRs, Class A Rhodopsin-like subfamily with all other Orphan GPCR receptors (Horn et al., 2003). GPR12 acts through the cyclic Adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) pathway (Tanaka et al., 2007). Since, GPR12 is an orphan receptor where its natural ligand is unknown (Ignatov et al., 2003a). When the ligand such as S1P or SPC binds to the GPR12, the G-Protein gets activated due to the binding of GTP (Ignatov et al., 2003a). Thus, G-Protein activates Adenylate cyclase which converts the Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into cAMP, and the cAMP activates Protein Kinase A (Ignatov et al., 2003a). The Activated Protein Kinase A activates the cellular reaction such as neurite extension in primary neurons (Ignatov et al., 2003a). [Refer figure 4] 2.3. Gene and Evolutionary aspects of GPR12: The alignment of protein sequence between Human GPR12 and GPR12 of other species like mouse and rat showed very less variation which indicates the protein is conserved between these species (UniProtKB; UniProtKB; UniProtKB). The protein alignment is shown in figure 3. The gene location of GPR12 in the chromosomes locus is nearly the same for human and rat, but it is different in mouse (NCBI-Gene; NCBI-Gene; NCBI-Gene). The gene of GPR12 is located in the chromosome 13q12.13 for human, 12p11 for rat and 5; 5 G3 for mouse (NCBI-Gene; NCBI-Gene; NCBI-Gene). The GPR12 gene contains two exons in humans, three exons in rat and three exons in Mouse separating the intron sequence and the evolutionary association of the gene sequence of GPR12 between the species and between GPCR family is shown in figure 5a and 5b (NCBI-Gene; NCBI-Gene; NCBI-Gene). The GPR12 gene size for a human is 5.6 kbp, for rat it is 3.4 kbp, and for the mouse, it is 4.3 kbp (NCBI-Gene; NCBI-Gene; NCBI-Gene; Stevens et a l., 2013). GPR12 mutant mice showed an effect in their emotionality was affected due to the mutation in GPR12 which was no significant change   (Frank et al., 2012). GPR12 overexpressed in neurons upregulate cAMP levels and promotes neurite outgrowth in primary neurons which can be used to slow down the progression of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimers disease, Parkinsons   disease, Huntingtons disease, etc. (Tanaka et al., 2007). GPR12 is also involved in the regulation of cell survival and cell proliferation which may vary during the diseased condition which causes astrocytes to proliferate at a faster rate and results in inflammation (Lu et al., 2012). A search was done for G-Protein coupled receptor 12 on clinicaltrails.gov website which showed four current ongoing clinical trials studies on GPR12. The studies were different from each other such as Platelet reactivity (ClinicalTrials.gov), Stoke (ClinicalTrials.gov), Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinomas (ClinicalTrials.gov) and Migraine (ClinicalTrials.gov). GPR12 belongs to the  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   GPCRs, Class A Rhodopsin-like subfamily with all other Orphan GPCR receptors. The gene coding for GPR12 is conserved between Humans, Rats, and Mouse which indicates the existence of similar roles and function in these three animals. GPR12 is still in the stages of primary research where its structure, signaling pathways, function, and roles are still waiting to be found. GPR12 has recently assumed to be associated with Neural disorders and diseases. Clinical trials have been successfully conducted for GPR12 for many diseases one of which is depression. References: ClinicalTrials.gov Is There a Transient Rebound Effect of Platelet Reactivity Following Cessation of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy With Ticagrelor a Single Center Prospective Observational Trial. Journal, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02808039?term=G-Protein%2BCoupled%2BReceptor%2B12recr=Openrank=1, January 25, 2017. ClinicalTrials.gov Platelet Reactivity in Acute Non-disabling Cerebrovascular Events (PRINCE). Journal, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02506140?term=G-Protein+Coupled+Receptor+12recr=Openrank=2, January 25, 2017. ClinicalTrials.gov Retrospective Analysis of the Expression of the Neurotensin Receptor by Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinomas (NTS). Journal, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02891733?term=G-Protein%2BCoupled%2BReceptor%2B12recr=Openrank=4, January 25, 2017. ClinicalTrials.gov Ticagrelor Therapy for RefrACTORy Migraine Study (TRACTOR). Journal, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02518464?term=G-Protein%2BCoupled%2BReceptor%2B12recr=Openrank=3, January 25, 2017. Frank, E., Wu, Y., Piyaratna, N., Body, W.J., Snikeris, P., South, T., Gerdin, A.K., Bjursell, M., Bohlooly, Y.M., Storlien, L. Huang, X.F. (2012) Metabolic parameters and emotionality are little affected in G-protein coupled receptor 12 (Gpr12) mutant mice. PLoS One, 7, e42395. Horn, F., Bettler, E., Oliveira, L., Campagne, F., Cohen, F.E. Vriend, G. (2003) GPCRDB information system for G protein-coupled receptors. Nucleic acids research, 31, 294-297. Ignatov, A., Lintzel, J., Hermans-Borgmeyer, I., Kreienkamp, H.-J., Joost, P., Thomsen, S., Methner, A. Schaller, H.C. (2003a) Role of the G-protein-coupled receptor GPR12 as high-affinity receptor for sphingosylphosphorylcholine and its expression and function in brain development. Journal of Neuroscience, 23, 907-914. Ignatov, A., Lintzel, J., Kreienkamp, H.-J. Chica Schaller, H. (2003b) Sphingosine-1-phosphate is a high-affinity ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor GPR6 from mouse and induces intracellular Ca2+ release by activating the sphingosine-kinase pathway. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 311, 329-336. Lu, X., Zhang, N., Meng, B., Dong, S. Hu, Y. (2012) Involvement of GPR12 in the regulation of cell proliferation and survival. Mol Cell Biochem, 366, 101-110. NCBI-Gene Gpr12 G-protein coupled receptor 12 [Mus musculus (house mouse)] Gene NCBI. Journal, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/14738, January/25/2017. NCBI-Gene GPR12 G protein-coupled receptor 12 [Homo sapiens (human)] Gene NCBI. Journal, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2835, January/25/2017. NCBI-Gene Gpr12 G protein-coupled receptor 12 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] Gene NCBI. Journal, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/80840, January/25/2017. Stevens, R.C., Cherezov, V., Katritch, V., Abagyan, R., Kuhn, P., Rosen, H. Wuthrich, K. (2013) The GPCR Network: a large-scale collaboration to determine human GPCR structure and function. Nat Rev Drug Discov, 12, 25-34. Tanaka, S., Ishii, K., Kasai, K., Yoon, S.O. Saeki, Y. (2007) Neural expression of G protein-coupled receptors GPR3, GPR6, and GPR12 up-regulates cyclic AMP levels and promotes neurite outgrowth. J Biol Chem, 282, 10506-10515. Uhlenbrock, K., Gassenhuber, H. Kostenis, E. (2002) Sphingosine 1-phosphate is a ligand of the human gpr3, gpr6 and gpr12 family of constitutively active G protein-coupled receptors. Cellular signalling, 14, 941-953. UniProtKB GPR12 G-protein coupled receptor 12 Homo sapiens (Human) GPR12 gene protein. Journal, http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P47775, January 25, 2017. UniProtKB Gpr12 G-protein coupled receptor 12 Mus musculus (Mouse) Gpr12 gene protein. Journal, http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P35412, January 25, 2017. UniProtKB Gpr12 G-protein coupled receptor 12 Rattus norvegicus (Rat) Gpr12 gene protein. Journal, http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P30951, January 25, 2017. Figure 1: No structure was found for the protein GPR12 in RCSB Protein data bank. Figure 2a: Side view of the GPR12 structure which was generated by SWISS-MODEL. The protein is showing an all alpha motif with seven transmembrane ÃŽÂ ± -helix interconnected by loops forming four extracellular topological domains and four cytoplasmic topological domains. Figure 2b: Top view of the GPR12 structure which was generated by SWISS-MODEL. The protein is showing an all alpha motif with seven transmembrane ÃŽÂ ± -helix interconnected by loops forming four extracellular topological domains and four cytoplasmic topological domains. Figure 3: GPR12 protein alignment for the species Human, mouse and rat generated from ClustalW. * (asterisk) indicates positions which have a single, fully conserved residue, : (colon) indicates conservation between groups of strongly similar residue properties, . (period) indicates conservation between groups of weakly similar residue properties. Figure 4: GPR12 proteins complete intracellular signaling pathway Figure 5a: Phylogenetic/evolutionary tree of GPCR family members (Stevens et al., 2013) Figure 5b: Phylogenetic/evolutionary tree of GPR12 showing evolutionary difference between human, rat, and mouse   Ã‚   G-Protein Coupled Receptor (GPR12) Protein Agonist Antagonist Sphingosine-1-phosphate Suramin Sphingosyl-phosphocholine Table 1: GPR12 agonist and antagonist with structure and name

Reflection of life Essay

America was put into a state of national depression in a matter of 24 hours. On October 29, 1929 millions of dollars was lost by the American economy in a time known as, the Wall Street Crash (this led to the Depression). Banks became bankrupt themselves and over 1/3 of the American population became redundant. The story ‘Of Mice and Men’ is set during the American Depression in the American countryside where both Lenny and George whom are ranch hands are going to their next job on Curly’s father’s farm. In the book, the economic depression is largely explored and has a great influence on the structure of the book. Both George and Lenny represented real – life ranch hands they had, ‘no family’ and ‘don’t belong no place. ’ Most men during the economic depression had little to go by in terms of money and work. Most ranchmen wasted their money, ’stake’ and had little going for them as only people who were educationally equipped and also financially sustained could live well. Ranchmen could only, ‘work up a stake and they go inta town and blow their stake, and the first thing you know they’re pundin’ their tail on some other ranch. They ain’t got nothing to look ahead to. ’ This became a reality in real – life as fewer jobs were permanent and the little pay that the ranchmen got was so small that the only way to spend it was on drink and brothels. The American Dream was depended on greatly by most of the population of America as at this time it acted like the thread of hope that could well have gotten many people out of the economically deprived state they seemed to be in. Both Lenny and George dreamed of owning a farm and living off, ‘the fatta the lan’. ’ This meant living for themselves and growing their own crops to live a self – sustainable independent life together. ‘I remember about the rabbits, George,’ this is a very significant line, it portrays the great hope that one can still have and that a dream can be achieved. The dream for Lenny and George was very humble. Lenny wanted to, ‘tend the rabbits’ and George hoped for a place to settle down. Lenny always remembers their dream as there was a chance it could have happened. During the depression many Americans became recluse to themselves, times were hard and what little could be gained was meant for an individual and their own loved ones, this isolation is represented when, ‘Candy spoke they both jumped as though they had been caught doing something reprehensible. ’ This shows that Lenny and George’s dream was meant for themselves not anybody else; they hoped to hide this from others so they can get their dream without others interfering and potentially messing it up. However Candy’s interference was worthwhile as it started to form their dream, ‘they fell into a silence. They looked at one another, amazed. This thing they had never really believed in was coming true. ’ This sheer excitement is a reflection of what small opportunities during this time made to an American’s life. Racism is greatly reflected in ‘Of Mice and Men,’ during the depression, racism was more evident in American society, especially against the black population who were racial segregated. Crooks the stable buck is a prime example of this as he has one of the lowest social statuses and is always referred to as, ‘nigger. ’ He is isolated from the rest of the ranch hands, â€Å"you don’t let me in your house to play cards, so why should I let you into my house? † This sentence reveals that this action bothers him so he does not want to interact with the people that are so socially unaware of the wrong they are doing. The ranch hands seem to be oblivious to the fact Crooks is a real person and even when Crooks was allowed to join in with the Christmas festivities, he was still caught up in some degradation as he became centred around a fight with one of the ranch hands. ‘Yes sir. Jesus, we had fun. They let the nigger come in that night. Little skinner name of Smitty took after the nigger. ’ Lastly, the lives of women are explored greatly. Women at this point were merely for show. There were no significant female leaders in America at this point and women like Curley’s wife were treated mainly as objects not real people. The life of Curly’s wife was very isolated. She was thought to cause trouble; this is because she was attractive and married to a man who wanted to pick a fight with anyone. A fight like that would easily arouse if a ranch hand handled Curley’s wife, â€Å"She’s gonna make a mess. They’s gonna be a bad mess about her. She’s a jail bait all set on the trigger. That Curley got his work cut out for him. Ranch with a bunch of guys on it ain’t no place for a girl, specially like her. † Curley’s wife is treated like trouble and because she is the only female on the ranch she is isolated. She has no female friends, men will fancy her, her husband has anger management issued and she has no morale guide. Women may have been treated more as trophy wives than they did before, â€Å"well – she got the eye,† this quote is said by Candy as a compliment. Overall Curly’s wife reflects closely to the prejudice that women could have faced but it was unlikely all women at the time would have been treated this badly, up to the point that she had been killed. In conclusion ‘Of Mice and Men’ is generally a thorough reflection of the period of time the book was written in. Both Black people and women were isolated in situations against white men who were largely dominant on a social front in the American economic depression.

Societys Influence on the Relationships in A Doll’s House...

Society shapes and molds both people and relationships in both good and bad ways. In a Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen, Torvald and Nora’s relationship was destructive because of society, shown in the novel through symbols, motifs, and indirect characterization. Their relationship was ultimately strained by the views of others, society, showing that if marital views of society are embraced in a marriage, the marriage will fall apart. Torvald’s relationship with Nora was greatly affected by the views society had of women’s roles both in marriage and as a stereotypical stay-at-home mother. The destructive affect by society on the relationship of Torvald and Nora is shown in the play by symbolism. Torvald’s use of childlike and slightly condescending nicknames towards Nora shows how men viewed women as inferior. Torvald’s â€Å"pet† nicknames, as one would use these names to call a pet or a child, represents the submissive representation Torvald gives to both Nora and women in general by Torvald saying â€Å"Is it my little squirrel bustling about?† (Ibsen, 2) and â€Å"Is that my little lark twittering out there?† (2). These quotes show that Torvald uses submissive and child-like nicknames to show his superiority to Nora and the unequal marriage between Torvald and Nora. With one spouse as inferior, this shows how marriages are strained, as women in relationships wan t an equal relationship. Torvald’s nicknames to Nora symbolize the time period and the Victorian time, how men were the providersShow MoreRelatedHerik Ibsen: Father of Modern Drama1459 Words   |  6 Pages2013 Henrik Ibsen as â€Å"The Father of Modern Drama† Henrik Ibsen has long been referred to as the Father of Modern Drama, and such title has rightly been given so. 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The role of public relations in the shaping of news Free Essay Example, 3500 words

The media then acts as a force multiplier and consumes the media bandwidth with such parlous writing. Rationale public opinion is then moulded as the paid news acts as a puissant force to change public opinion. What is even worse is the end of creative writing and investigative journalism (Curtin and Rhodenbaugh, 2001). With this background, this paper examines a case study of Churnalism where parts of content from a PR release and reports were copied by other publications. The paper presents a chapter on the subject of PR and its importance, the perceived hostility of journalists towards PR followed by a detailed discussion of the case. The problem of assessing the authenticity and reliability of articles has become increasingly difficult. To bring some order into the system, many publications have come together to form the Sunlight Foundation's Churnalism website (Sunlight Foundation, 2014). The website uses an open source search engine that allows editors to check the authenticity of an article. They can enter large chunks of text into a text box given in a page of the website and click the submit button. We will write a custom essay sample on The role of public relations in the shaping of news or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The open source search engine then runs a check to evaluate the extent of match in the words and sentences with other content online. The website compares and checks the content against a large number of PR websites such as PR News Wire. PR News Web, Market Wire and others. Matching text from the document that is undergoing a test is displayed in yellow highlights. The technique is somewhat familiar to the online plagiarism-checking tool used in college, such as 'Turn it in'. In any case, the effort shows the extent to which Churnalism has impacted online publication. The Guardian first released the news about the churn detector and then the content was churned by many publications such as PCWorld, Boing Boing, Ars Technica, The Atlantic, Digital Trends and many other online newspapers, blogs and websites (Page, 2013). However, despite the availability of the churn detector, journalists continue their perchance of copy/ pasting news items. Many time s, the copied content can be rewritten and paraphrased with minimal effort and in a few minutes. However, journalists prefer to churnalise either out of laziness, indifference or they do not fear being caught. 1.1 Brief description of the Churnalism case The case study is actually a narration of events where a number of newspapers copied a report released by the Benenden Healthcare Society that released a report quoting a poll stating, "British women spend more money on their looks than their health" (Benenden Health, 2011).